/Name /F12 Describe some strategies that help you solve problems and make decisions based on your reading assignment. Two-string problemc. Question 2 1 metcalfe and wiebe gave participants - Course Hero EXPERIMENT 1 Method Subjects. The correct option is b). c. confuse the ideas of validity and truth. swingingc. 2. endobj /F10 12 0 R When the process of analogical problem solving was applied to the fortress and radiation problems, which of the following represented the mapping step of this process? He is worried that if he takes the job and fails, he will suffer from intense anxiety and depression. << Most people do not consider these offers and do not make a change to the plans or services that they receive because they do not want to make a decision that requires serious consideration or thought. well-defined; Gestaltd. c. inductive reasoning based on observations of multiple, specific cases. goal state.d. She decided to wait until her mother-in- law returned to ask her where the ladle was, leaving the soup in the stove pot. << /MediaBox [ 0 0 610 789 ] Gentner and Goldinmeadow (2003) illustrated that analogical encoding causes problem solvers to pay attention to _______ features that _______ their ability to solve other problems. 38. experts and novices.b. Identifying techniques of problem solving. /BaseFont /Helvetica-BoldOblique 26. /Type /Page The fact that they are able to do so with the help of experts on Earth is similar to the ________ approach developed by Ronald Finke. endobj The radiation problem was used in your text to illustrate the role of ____ in problem solving. The purpose of this experiment was to : . Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. b. situationally-produced mental set, c. environmental functional fixedness. James gets a bit annoyed with your criticism and says "George Burns smoked cigars, and he lived to be 100!" The authors argued that the difference between concomitant phenomenological insight and incremental problem solving can be used to define insight. structural; diminishd. ____ identified people's tendency to focus on a specific characteristic of a problem that keeps them from arriving at a solution as a major obstacle to successful problem solving.a. The students were very creative. Acrobats must be of equal weightd. The creative cognition approach that Finke used to get people to "invent" useful objects is an example of: In Belilock and Carr's study of the relationship between working memory capacity and problem solving, individuals with high working memory capacity performed best in the ________ condition. Give Me Liberty! For each corporate sponsor, Phoenix gets their best advertising team members, and they sit in a room for several hours throwing out every idea they can come up with, no matter how good or bad it is. how to d. What information a person is attending to while solving a problem. /Subtype /Type1 b. match box can be used as a shelf. Bonnie placed an order yesterday, and she expects to receive her order tomorrow. /BaseFont /Times-Roman The purpose of the experiment was to; a. show how people progress through the problem space as they solve a problem. well- and ill-defined problems. endobj The key to the solution is to overcome functional fixedness. How to Detect Insight Moments in Problem Solving Experiments /BaseFont /Times-Italic The elements of the problem space include all of the following EXCEPTa. algorithms.c. How can knowledge of human relations help in the work place. Bonnie has ordered her monthly supply of medicines through the mail for the past five years. She has noticed that people from upper Manhattan walk really fast, but people from lower Manhattan tend to walk slowly. Gestalt psychologists consider problem solving as a process involving reorganization or restructuring. d. Lydia is a state governor and active in the feminist movement. Gestalt psychologists consider problem solving as a process involvinga. /Subtype /Type1 Swinney did an experiment in which he presented participants with the sentence, "The man The main purpose of their experiment was to demonstrate thata. Experts possess more knowledge about their fields than novices. b. are influenced by the atmosphere effect. candle can be cut in half.d. think-aloud p, The text's discussion of the research on in-vivo problem solving highlighted that ____ play(s) an important role in solving scientific problems.a. noticing, mapping, and applying.c. /F1 3 0 R Participants in the ______ group had the fastest response time. That light bulb going off can possibly be due to insight. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 25 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. endobj However, a limitation of this and other classical paradigms for studying insightful and non-insightful problem solving is related to the fact that they use two different His task sets. bring the problem solver closer and closer to the goal state. Gick and Holyoak consider which of the following to be the most difficult step to achieve in the process of analogical problem solving? /Subtype /Type1 Holyoak and Koh presented different versions of the light bulb problem to assist in solving the radiation problem. sourceb. ill-defined. which people can be considered more creative in ability to solve problems.c. surface features.b. structural features.c. continuity and form. Ill-defined problems are so named because it is difficult to specify ________ for the problems. Being an expert in one field can transfer to better problem solving in another field. If they do not, they will all die rapidly of carbon dioxide poisoning. /Type /Font Noticing that there is an analogous relationship between problems because most participants need prompting before they notice a connection.v. << subgoals.c. how similar the objects in the problem are.b. the Tower or Hanoi problem is an example of a(n) ____ problem that has been analyzed using the ____ approach. a problem space to nd a solution (Ericsson & Simon, 1993 . /Resources b. how useful a reasoning process is. b. /F9 11 0 R target, Ali works for Citrus Squeeze, a company that makes orange juice. The main purpose of their experiment was to demonstrate that. experimental groups and control groups.d. /F7 9 0 R <> b. what positive feelings will occur following a decision more so than negative feelings. She takes the street to the north. insightc. was whether warmth ratings would predict problem solving dierently depending on whether the problems were multistep problems/puzzles (e.g., the Tower of Hanoi task), or vignette descriptions previously demonstrated to give rise to insight solutions (e.g., the "water lilies problem"). b. laboratory and real-world settings. One of the students, Miguel, is leaving early, so the teacher tells him to grab his shoes and report to the lobby. The evolutionary approach proposes that the Wason problem can be understood in terms of people's. experience and sometimes do not. The purpose of this experiment was to 27. 4 0 obj In its discussion of expertise and problem solving, your text identifies the kind of scientists who are most likely to make revolutionary discoveries in their fields. >> /Type /Catalog d. Being an expert in one field can transfer to better problem solving in another field. /Subtype /Type1 Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. 22 . Arrange acrobats in order of ascending size from left to rightb. If we judge the probability of Gabrielle's being a model quite high because she resembles our stereotype of a model, we are using. /Subtype /Type1 b. realization of the solution is sudden. surface; diminishb. The purpose of this experiment was to a) Show that some problems are easier to solve than others. Wally's response illustrates the use of a(n)________. 3, 8, 10, Fill in the blank to complete the trigonometric identity. << a. The purpose of the experiment was to demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. Gick and Holyoak consider which of the following to be the most difficult step to achieve in the process of analogical problem solving? mental sets. 1 0 obj operators.d. /Type /Font May 2013. /Egrave/Eacute/Ecircumflex/Edieresis/Igrave/Iacute/Icircumflex/Idieresis Experts categorize problems based ona. bread and butter, Kaplan and Simon's experiment presented different versions of the mutilated checkerboard problem. low-pressureb. You are concerned about the detrimental effects of smoking on his health, and you raise that concern to him. rise suddenly just; gradually r. Functional fixedness would be LOWEST for a(n)a. novel object.b. Mental Set target; sourcec. than about differences in information processing associated with the presence or absence of insight. intermediate states.b. a single correct answerd. /Name /F5 Her mother-in-law later explained that the ladle had been broken, so she told Holly to use a coffee mug to "spoon" the soup into bowls. Being an expert in one field can transfer to better problem solving in another field, Take a more effective approach to organizing the solution to a problem. The radiation problem, In the two-string problem, tying the pliers to one of the strings best represents a(n) ____ state.a. She attempts to retrieve the book, but the shelf is a foot above her reach. a. break up or stay involved with a current girlfriend. Using a pair of pliers as a paperweightb. lightbulbb. The purpose of this experiment was to demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. Experts _____ than novices.a.